Lesson goal: The shape of luck: Sum of two dice

Previous: Not rolling a 7 or 11 | Home | Next: The Gambler's Fallacy and coin streaks

If you roll one six-sided die, every number from 1 to 6 has an equal shot of showing up: exactly a 1 in 6 (or about $16.7\%$) chance.

But what happens when you roll two dice and add the numbers together?

Do all sums from 2 to 12 have an equal chance? If you've ever played board games like Settlers of Catan, Craps, or Monopoly, you probably already suspect the answer is a big "No!"

Why? Because there's only one way to roll a 2 ($1+1$) and only one way to roll a 12 ($6+6$). But to get a 7, you could roll $1+6$, $2+5$, $3+4$, $4+3$, $5+2$, or $6+1$—that's six different ways!

In this lesson, we'll roll two dice $10{,}000$ times, count how often each sum from 2 to 12 occurs, and see what the "shape of luck" really looks like.
sum = d1 + d2
Move the mouse over a dotted box for more information.

Notice how the percentage for 7 climbs up toward $16.7\%$ ($6/36$), while 2 and 12 linger down near $2.8\%$ ($1/36$).

Now you try. Try changing N to a small number, like 50. Does the distribution still look neat and smooth, or is it messy and noisy? What happens when you bump N up to 50,000?

Type your code here:


See your results here: